Abstract: BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) is a global navigation satellite system independently developed by China. Its short-message communication function offers significant advantages in extreme environments. Promoting the large-scale application of BDS in the civil aviation aircraft field is of great strategic significance for improving aviation safety guarantee capabilities and reducing operational costs of airlines. To address the issues of limited coverage and high communication costs in traditional civil aviation aircraft air-ground communication systems, this study designs an air-ground interaction system based on BeiDou-3 Satellite Navigation System (BDS-3) short-message communication, proposes a scalable dynamic air-ground message communication protocol architecture, and realizes functions such as global flight tracking, downlink transmission of key system maintenance data, air-ground communication based on electronic flight bag (EFB), and positioning-oriented situational awareness. Experiments show that the system scheme is feasible, with a communication success rate exceeding 99%. This study provides technical references and practical cases for the large-scale application of BDS-3 short-message communication technology in the civil aviation field.