北斗三号的SAR成像分辨性能分析

Analysis of SAR imaging resolution performance of BDS-3

  • 摘要: 以GNSS平台作为发射机的双基合成孔径雷达(synthetic aperture radar, SAR)系统(GNSS-SAR)具有全天候、持续监测能力强等优势. 针对北斗卫星导航系统(BeiDou Navigation Satellite System, BDS),以往的研究主要集中在传统的B1I和B3I信号. 随着北斗三号导航卫星系统(BeiDou-3 Navigation Satellite System, BDS-3)的全面运行,新增的B1C、B2a、B2b等信号具有更大的带宽,为GNSS-SAR系统带来了新的机遇. 本文分析了不同几何构型下BDS-3组成信号成像分辨性能,使用广义模糊函数(generalized ambiguity function, GAF)对BDS-3信号的成像性能进行了分析,并通过仿真进行了验证. 研究结果表明,几何构型对GNSS-SAR系统的分辨性能有较大影响,BDS-3不同导航信号的最小分辨距离均约为18 m,B2a与B3I的最大分辨距离约为30 m,B1C与B1I的最大分辨性能差异较大,分别为20 m与50 m.

     

    Abstract: The bistatic synthetic aperture radar system with the global satellite navigation system (GNSS-SAR) as the transmitter possesses advantages such as all-weather operation and strong sustainable monitoring capabilities. Regarding the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS), previous studies mainly concentrated on the traditional B1I and B3I signals. With the full operation of the BeiDou-3 Navigation Satellite System (BDS-3), the newly added signals such as B1C, B2a, and B2b have a larger bandwidth, presenting new opportunities for the GNSS-SAR system. This paper analyzes the imaging resolution performance of BDS-3 signals under different geometric configurations, employs the generalized ambiguity function (GAF) to analyze the imaging performance of BDS-3 signals, and verifies it through simulation. The research results indicate that the geometric configuration has a considerable influence on the resolution performance of the GNSS-SAR system. The minimum resolution distance of different navigation signals of BDS-3 is approximately 18 m, the maximum resolution distance of B2a and B3I is about 30 m, and the maximum resolution performance difference between B1C and B1I is significant, being 20 m and 50 m respectively.

     

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