Abstract: Inertial navigation, as a core technology of modern precise navigation, guidance, and control systems, provides users with information such as velocity, position, heading, and attitude. It serves as one of the essential technical means for building a national integrated positioning, navigation, and timing (PNT) system. Gyroscopes, as the core components of inertial navigation systems, play a crucial and decisive role in determining system accuracy. Moreover, the technological advancement of gyroscopes largely dictates the progress of inertial navigation systems (INS), continuously driving the development of INS technology in terms of accuracy, system architecture, and cost. This paper analyzes the current status of several widely applicable and highly promising gyroscope technologies, summarizes the evolving technical framework of gyroscopes, and on this basis, identifies the primary existing issues and predicts future development trends. The findings can provide valuable insights and partial technical references for the advancement of gyroscope technology in China.