Abstract: With the widespread adoption of low-cost BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) application, the group and phase ionospheric calibration (GRAPHIC) single-frequency precise point positioning (PPP) model can provide decimeter-level positioning results, which provides an effective solution for high-precision location services for low-cost single-frequency devices. In order to analyze the difference of positioning performance of single BDS GRAPHIC single-frequency PPP in different regions of the world and in different ionospheric active periods, this paper comprehensively analyzed the spatial-temporal characteristics of the model in low, middle and high latitude region and ionospheric quiet and active periods, during the test period, by using the data of 50 Multi-GNSS Experiment (MGEX) stations evenly distributed. In the analysis of spatial characteristics, the positioning accuracy of BDS GRAPHIC single-frequency PPP is the best in the mid-latitude region (about 0.6 m), the worst in the low-latitude region (about 1.0 m), and in the high-latitude region, it shows good in the north and bad in the south; In the analysis of temporal characteristics, the positioning accuracy of BDS GRAPHIC single-frequency PPP is not much different between ionospheric quiet period and active period, only about 7 cm; In terms of convergence, the horizontal convergence speed is not significantly affected by the ionospheric activity, but the elevation direction converges faster in the ionospheric quiet period, especially in the high latitude region.